<i id='73r94'></i>

安徽譯博翻譯的小編們接著為大家帶來（國際統一私法協會國際商事合同通則）的第4至7章，希望對大家有所幫助！安徽譯博翻譯一直秉承著為安徽地區的可帶來最優質，高效的翻譯服務！
第四章 合同的解釋CHAPTER 4 — INTERPRETATION

第4.1條 當事人的意思  ARTICLE 4.1 Intention of the parties

(1)合同應根據(ju)當(dang)事人各(ge)方的共同意思予以(yi)解釋(shi)。

 (1) A contract shall be interpreted according to the common intention of the parties.

 

(2)如果該意(yi)思不能確(que)立，合同(tong)應根據一(yi)個(ge)與各方當(dang)事人(ren)具有同(tong)等(deng)資(zi)格的、通情(qing)達理的人(ren)在(zai)處于相同(tong)情(qing)況下時，對該合同(tong)所應有的理解來解釋(shi)。

(2) If such an intention cannot be established, the contract shall be interpreted according to the meaning that reasonable persons of the same kind as the parties would give to it in the same circumstances.

 

第4.2條 對陳述和其(qi)他行為的解釋

 ARTICLE 4.2 Interpretation of statements and other conduct

(1)一方當(dang)事人(ren)的陳述和其他行(xing)為應根據該(gai)當(dang)事人(ren)的意(yi)思(si)來(lai)解釋，如(ru)果另一方當(dang)事人(ren)已(yi)知或(huo)不(bu)可能不(bu)知道該(gai)意(yi)思(si)。

(1) The statements and other conduct of a party shall be interpreted according to that party’s intention if the other party knew or could not have been unaware of that intention.

 

(2)如果前款不適用，上述陳(chen)述和其他(ta)行為(wei)應(ying)根據一個(ge)與另一方當事(shi)人具有同等(deng)資格的(de)、通情達理的(de)人在處于相同情況(kuang)下時，對該合同所應(ying)有的(de)理解來解釋。

(2) If the preceding paragraph is not applicable, such statements and other conduct shall be interpreted according to the meaning that a reasonable person of the same kind as the other party would give to it in the same circumstances.

 

第4.3條 相關情況  ARTICLE 4.3 Relevant circumstances

適用本章第4.1條(tiao)和(he)第4.2條(tiao)時，應(ying)考慮所有情況，包(bao)括:

In applying Articles 4.1 and 4.2, regard shall be had to all the circumstances, including

 

(a)當事人之(zhi)間的初期談判(pan);

(a) preliminary negotiations between the parties;

 

(b)當(dang)事人之間已確立的習慣做法;

(b) practices which the parties have established between themselves;

 

(c)合同訂(ding)立后當事(shi)人的行為;

(c) the conduct of the parties subsequent to the conclusion of the contract;

 

(d)合(he)同的(de)性(xing)質和(he)目的(de);

(d) the nature and purpose of the contract;

 

(e)在所涉交易中，通常賦予合同條款(kuan)和表述(shu)的(de)含義;

(e) the meaning commonly given to terms and expressions in the trade concerned;

 

(f)慣例。(f) usages.

 

第4.4條 合同或陳述作為整體考慮  

ARTICLE 4.4 Reference to contract or statement as a whole

合同條款(kuan)和表(biao)述應根(gen)據其所屬的整個合同或全部陳述予以(yi)解釋(shi)。

Terms and expressions shall be interpreted in the light of the whole contract or statement in which they appear.

 

第4.5條 給予所有條款以效力  ARTICLE 4.5 All terms to be given effect

對合同各項條款(kuan)的解釋應以使它們(men)全部有效為宗旨，而不(bu)是排除其(qi)中(zhong)一(yi)些(xie)條款(kuan)的效力。

Contract terms shall be interpreted so as to give effect to all the terms rather than to deprive some of them of effect.

 

第4.6條 對條款提議人不利規則  ARTICLE 4.6  Contra proffer rule

如果一方(fang)當事人(ren)所(suo)提出的(de)合同條款(kuan)含義不清(qing)，則(ze)應做出對該方(fang)當事人(ren)不利的(de)解(jie)釋。

If contract terms supplied by one party are unclear, an interpretation against that party is preferred.

 

第4.7條 語言差異  ARTICLE 4.7 Linguistic discrepancies

如(ru)果合同是以(yi)兩(liang)種(zhong)或(huo)兩(liang)種(zhong)以(yi)上具有同等效力的文(wen)字起草的，若這些文(wen)本之(zhi)間存在差異，應優(you)先依據(ju)合同最初(chu)起草的文(wen)字予(yu)以(yi)解釋。

Where a contract is drawn up in two or more language versions which are equally authoritative there is, in case of discrepancy between the versions, a preference for the interpretation according to a version in which the contract was originally drawn up.

 

第4.8條 補充空缺條款  ARTICLE 4.8 Supplying an omitted term

(1)如(ru)果合同當事人(ren)各方就一項(xiang)(xiang)確(que)定其權利和義務的重要條(tiao)款未(wei)達成一致，應補充一項(xiang)(xiang)于該情況下適當的條(tiao)款。

(1) Where the parties to a contract have not agreed with respect to a term which is important for a determination of their rights and duties, a term which is appropriate in the circumstances shall be supplied.

 

(2)在(zai)決(jue)定(ding)何為適當的條(tiao)款時，除其他因素(su)外，還應(ying)考慮以下情況:

(2) In determining what is an appropriate term regard shall be had, among other factors, to

 

(a)各方當(dang)事人的(de)意思;(a) the intention of the parties;

 

 (b)合同的(de)(de)性質和目的(de)(de);(b) the nature and purpose of the contract;

 

(c)誠實信用(yong)和公平交易原則;(c) good faith and fair dealing;

 

(d)合理性。(d) reasonableness.

 

第(di)五(wu)章 合同的內(nei)容(rong)與第(di)三方(fang)權利CHAPTER 5 — CONTENT AND THIRD PARTY RIGHTS

第一節(jie) 合同的內容SECTION 1: CONTENT

第5.1.1條 明示和默示的義務  ARTICLE 5.1.1 Express and implied obligations

各(ge)方(fang)當(dang)事人的(de)合同義務(wu)可以是明(ming)示(shi)的(de)，也可以是默示(shi)的(de)。

The contractual obligations of the parties may be express or implied.

 

第5.1.2條 默示的義務  ARTICLE 5.1.2 Implied obligations

默(mo)示(shi)的義務源自于(yu):Implied obligations stem from

 

(a)合同的(de)性質與目的(de);(a) the nature and purpose of the contract;

 

(b)各方當(dang)事人(ren)之間確(que)立的習慣做法，以及慣例;

(b) practices established between the parties and usages;

 

(c)誠(cheng)實(shi)信(xin)用(yong)和公平(ping)交易(yi)原則;(c) good faith and fair dealing;

 

(d)合(he)理性。(d) reasonableness.

 

第5.1.3條 事人之間的合作  ARTICLE 5.1.3Co-operation between the parties

每一方當(dang)事人應(ying)與另(ling)一方當(dang)事人合(he)作(zuo)，如果該一方當(dang)事人在履行其(qi)義(yi)務時，可合(he)理地期待對方當(dang)事人提供此類合(he)作(zuo)。

Each party shall cooperate with the other party when such co-operation may reasonably be expected for the performance of that party’s obligations.

 

第5.1.4條 獲得特定結(jie)果(guo)的(de)義務(wu)(wu)和盡最(zui)大努力的(de)義務(wu)(wu)

ARTICLE 5.1.4 Duty to achieve a specific result. Duty of best efforts

 

(1)如果(guo)一方(fang)當(dang)事人的(de)義(yi)務在一定程(cheng)度(du)內涉及獲(huo)得某(mou)一特(te)(te)定的(de)結(jie)果(guo)，則該(gai)方(fang)當(dang)事人在該(gai)程(cheng)度(du)內有義(yi)務獲(huo)得此特(te)(te)定結(jie)果(guo)。

(1) To the extent that an obligation of a party involves a duty to achieve a specific result, that party is bound to achieve that result.

 

(2)如果(guo)一(yi)方當事(shi)人的(de)義務在一(yi)定程(cheng)度內涉及(ji)履(lv)行某一(yi)項活動時應(ying)盡最大的(de)努(nu)力(li)，則(ze)該方當事(shi)人在該程(cheng)度內有(you)(you)義務盡一(yi)個(ge)具(ju)有(you)(you)同等(deng)資格的(de)、通情達理(li)的(de)人在相同情況下所會付出的(de)努(nu)力(li)。

(2) To the extent that an obligation of a party involves a duty of best efforts in the performance of an activity, that party is bound to make such efforts as would be made by a reasonable person of the same kind in the same circumstances.

 

第5.1.5條確定所涉義務的種類  ARTICLE 5.1.5Determination of kind of duty involved

在確定一方當事人的義務在多大程度內(nei)涉(she)及履行某(mou)(mou)一項活動時應(ying)盡(jin)最大的努(nu)力或(huo)者(zhe)應(ying)獲得某(mou)(mou)一特(te)定結果時，除其(qi)他因(yin)素(su)外，應(ying)考慮以(yi)下(xia)情況:

In determining the extent to which an obligation of a party involves a duty of best efforts in the performance of an activity or a duty to achieve a specific result, regard shall be had, among other factors, to

 

(a)合同中表述該 義(yi)務(wu)的方(fang)式;

(a) the way in which the obligation is expressed in the contract;

 

(b)合同的價格以及合同的其(qi)他條款;

(b) the contractual price and other terms of the contract;

 

(c)獲得預期結果時通常所涉及的風險(xian)程度;

(c) the degree of risk normally involved in achieving the expected result;

 

(d)另(ling)一方當事人影(ying)響(xiang)義務履行的(de)能力。

(d) the ability of the other party to influence the performance of the obligation.

 

第5.1.6條確定履行的質量  ARTICLE 5.1.6Determination of quality of performance

如果合(he)同中既未規定而(er)且(qie)也無(wu)法(fa)根(gen)據合(he)同確定履(lv)行的(de)(de)質量，則一方(fang)當事人有義(yi)務使(shi)其履(lv)行的(de)(de)質量達到合(he)理(li)的(de)(de)標準(zhun)(zhun)，并且(qie)不得低于(yu)此情況下(xia)的(de)(de)平均水(shui)準(zhun)(zhun)。

Where the quality of performance is neither fixed by, nor determinable from, the contract a party is bound to render a performance of a quality that is reasonable and not less than average in the circumstances.

 

第5.1.7條 價格的確定  ARTICLE 5.1.7 Price determination

(1)如(ru)果合同(tong)未規定(ding)價(jia)(jia)格，也(ye)無如(ru)何確定(ding)價(jia)(jia)格的(de)規定(ding)，在(zai)沒有(you)任何相反(fan)表示的(de)情況下，應視(shi)為當事人各方(fang)引(yin)用在(zai)訂立(li)合同(tong)時相關貿易中可比較的(de)情況下進行(xing)此(ci)類履行(xing)時通常收取的(de)價(jia)(jia)格，或者，若(ruo)無此(ci)價(jia)(jia)格，應為一個合理(li)的(de)價(jia)(jia)格。

(1) Where a contract does not fix or make provision for determining the price, the parties are considered, in the absence of any indication to the contrary, to have made reference to the price generally charged at the time of the conclusion of the contract for such performance in comparable circumstances in the trade concerned or, if no such price is available, to a reasonable price.

 

(2)如(ru)果合同(tong)的(de)價(jia)格應由(you)一(yi)方當(dang)事人(ren)確定(ding)，而(er)且此定(ding)價(jia)又明顯地不合理(li)，則不管合同(tong)中是否有任何條(tiao)款的(de)相反規定(ding)，均應以一(yi)個合理(li)的(de)價(jia)格予(yu)以替代。

(2) Where the price is to be determined by one party and that determination is manifestly unreasonable, a reasonable price shall be substituted notwithstanding any contract term to the contrary.

 

(3)如(ru)果價(jia)格(ge)(ge)應由一個第(di)三(san)人來(lai)確定，而該第(di)三(san)人不能或不愿確定該價(jia)格(ge)(ge)，則(ze)應采(cai)用一個合理的(de)價(jia)格(ge)(ge)。

(3) Where the price is to be fixed by a third person, and that person cannot or will not do so, the price shall be a reasonable price.

 

(4)如果確定價格需要參照(zhao)的(de)因(yin)素不存(cun)在，或已不復存(cun)在或已不可獲得，則應取最相似(si)的(de)因(yin)素作為(wei)替代。

(4) Where the price is to be fixed by reference to factors which do not exist or have ceased to exist or to be accessible, the nearest equivalent factor shall be treated as a substitute.

 

第5.1.8條 無固定期限的合同  ARTICLE 5.1.8 Contract for an indefinite period

對于一個無固定(ding)期限(xian)的合(he)(he)同，任何一方(fang)當事人(ren)可(ke)通過在事先一段合(he)(he)理(li)時(shi)間內(nei)發出通知，終止該合(he)(he)同。

A contract for an indefinite period may be ended by either party by giving notice a reasonable time in advance.

 

第5.1.9條 通過協議放棄權利  ARTICLE 5.1.9 Release by agreement

(1)債(zhai)權人可(ke)以(yi)通過與債(zhai)務(wu)人達(da)成協議放(fang)棄其權利。

(1) An obligee may release its right by agreement with the obligor.

(2)一項無(wu)償放棄權利的要約應視(shi)為被接受，如(ru)果債務人在知(zhi)曉該要約后未毫不(bu)遲延地拒絕。

(2) An offer to release a right gratuitously shall be deemed accepted if the obligor does not reject the offer without delay after having become aware of it.

 

第二(er)節 第三(san)方權利SECTION 2: THIRD PARTY RIGHTS

第5.2.1條 第三方受益的合同  ARTICLE 5.2.1 Contracts in favour of third parties

(1)合同當事(shi)人(ren)(即(ji)允諾(nuo)人(ren)和受諾(nuo)人(ren))可通過明示或(huo)默(mo)示協議將權利授予(yu)第(di)三方(即(ji)受益人(ren))。

(1) The parties(the “promisor” and the “promisee”) may confer by express or implied agreement a right on a third party(the “beneficiary”).

 

(2)受(shou)益人(ren)對允諾人(ren)權利(li)的(de)存(cun)在以(yi)及內容(rong)，由當事(shi)人(ren)之間的(de)協(xie)議確定，并受(shou)該(gai)協(xie)議項下(xia)的(de)任(ren)何條件或其(qi)他限制(zhi)性(xing)規定的(de)約束。

(2) The existence and content of the beneficiary’s right against the promisor are determined by the agreement of the parties and are subject to any conditions or other limitations under the agreement.

 

第5.2.2條 可確定的第三方  ARTICLE 5.2.2 Third party identifiable

根據合(he)(he)同(tong)，受(shou)益(yi)人(ren)必須能夠充分明(ming)確(que)地(di)加以確(que)定(ding)，但其不必須在訂立合(he)(he)同(tong)時就存(cun)在。

The beneficiary must be identifiable with adequate certainty by the contract but need not be in existence at the time the contract is made.

 

第5.2.3條 排除和限制條款  ARTICLE 5.2.3  Exclusion and limitation clauses

授與受(shou)(shou)益人的(de)權(quan)利(li)，包括受(shou)(shou)益人援引(yin)合同(tong)中排除或限(xian)制其責任的(de)條(tiao)款的(de)權(quan)利(li)。

The conferment of rights in the beneficiary includes the right to invoke a clause in the contract which excludes or limits the liability of the beneficiary.

 

第5.2.4條 抗辯  ARTICLE 5.2.4 Defences

允(yun)諾人可(ke)以(yi)向受益人主張其(qi)可(ke)以(yi)向受諾人主張的所有抗辯。

The promisor may assert against the beneficiary all defences which the promisor could assert against the promisee.

 

第5.2.5條 撤銷  ARTICLE 5.2.5 Revocation

在(zai)受益人(ren)(ren)接受該(gai)權(quan)利或已依賴該(gai)權(quan)利合理行事(shi)之前，合同當事(shi)人(ren)(ren)可以修改或者撤銷(xiao)其通過合同授予受益人(ren)(ren)的權(quan)利。

The parties may modify or revoke the rights conferred by the contract on the beneficiary until the beneficiary has accepted them or reasonably acted in reliance on them.

 

第5.2.6條 放棄權利  ARTICLE 5.2.6 Renunciation

受益人可以(yi)放棄被授與(yu)的權(quan)利(li)。

The beneficiary may renounce a right conferred on it.

 

第(di)六(liu)章 履行CHAPTER 6 — PERFORMANCE

 

第一節 履行的一般規定SECTION 1: PERFORMANCE IN GENERAL

 

第6.1.1條 履行時間  ARTICLE 6.1.1 Time of performance

一(yi)方當(dang)事人必(bi)須在(zai)下列(lie)時間履行(xing)其(qi)合(he)同義務(wu):

A party must perform its obligations:

 

(a)如果合同規定了時(shi)間(jian)，或者依(yi)合同可確定時(shi)間(jian)，則為此時(shi)間(jian);

(a) if a time is fixed by or determinable from the contract, at that time;

 

(b)如(ru)果(guo)合同規(gui)定了(le)或依合同可確定一段時間(jian)，則為此段期間(jian)內的任何時間(jian)，除非情況表明(ming)履行時間(jian)應(ying)由另一方當(dang)事人選擇;

(b) if a period of time is fixed by or determinable from the contract, at any time within that period unless circumstances indicate that the other party is to choose a time;

 

(c)在其他(ta)任何情況下(xia)，則在合同(tong)訂立后的一段合理(li)時間之(zhi)內。

(c) in any other case, within a reasonable time after the conclusion of the contract.

 

第6.1.2條 一次或分期履行  ;ARTICLE 6.1.2 Performance at one time or in installments

在屬于本章第6.1.1條(tiao)(b)項(xiang)或(c)項(xiang)的(de)情(qing)(qing)況(kuang)下(xia)，如果合(he)同(tong)義務(wu)能一(yi)次完成履行，并且情(qing)(qing)況(kuang)未有另外的(de)表(biao)明，則當事人必須一(yi)次履行其全部合(he)同(tong)義務(wu)。

In cases under Article 6.1.1(b) or(c), a party must perform its obligations at one time if that performance can be rendered at one time and the circumstances do not indicate otherwise.

 

第6.1.3條 部分履行  ARTICLE 6.1.3  Partial performance

(1)履行(xing)(xing)期限到來時，債(zhai)權(quan)人有權(quan)拒(ju)絕(jue)任何部分(fen)(fen)履行(xing)(xing)的請求(qiu)，無論該請求(qiu)是否附有對未履行(xing)(xing)部分(fen)(fen)的擔(dan)保(bao)，除非債(zhai)權(quan)人這(zhe)樣(yang)作無合法利(li)益;

(1) The obligee may reject an offer to perform in part at the time performance is due, whether or not such offer is coupled with an assurance as to the balance of the performance, unless the obligee has no legitimate interest in so doing.

 

(2)因(yin)部分履行給債權人帶(dai)來的額外費用(yong)應由債務人承擔，并且不得損(sun)害任(ren)何其他救濟。

(2) Additional expenses caused to the obligee by partial performance are to be borne by the obligor without prejudice to any other remedy.

 

第6.1.4條 履行順序  ARTICLE 6.1.4 Order of performance

(1)在(zai)合(he)同(tong)當事人(ren)能(neng)夠同(tong)時履(lv)行(xing)的限度內，則雙(shuang)方當事人(ren)應(ying)同(tong)時履(lv)行(xing)其合(he)同(tong)義務，除非情況有相反的表示。

(1) To the extent that the performances of the parties can be rendered simultaneously, the parties are bound to render them simultaneously unless the circumstances indicate otherwise.

 

(2)在(zai)(zai)僅有一方當事(shi)(shi)人需要在(zai)(zai)一段時間內(nei)履行的限度內(nei)，則該(gai)方當事(shi)(shi)人應(ying)先(xian)行履行其義(yi)務，除非(fei)情況(kuang)有相反的表示(shi)。

(2) To the extent that the performance of only one party requires a period of time, that party is bound to render its performance first, unless the circumstances indicate otherwise.

 

第6.1.5條 提前履行  ARTICLE 6.1.5 Earlier performance

(1)債(zhai)權人可(ke)拒絕接受提前履(lv)行，除非(fei)債(zhai)權人這樣(yang)做無合法利益(yi)。

(1) The obligee may reject an earlier performance unless it has no legitimate interest in so doing.

 

(2)一(yi)方當(dang)事人接受提前履行(xing)并不(bu)影響其履行(xing)自己義務(wu)的(de)時間，如果該(gai)履行(xing)時間已經確定(ding)，而(er)不(bu)管另一(yi)方當(dang)事人義務(wu)的(de)履行(xing)。

(2) Acceptance by a party of an earlier performance does not affect the time for the performance of its own obligations if that time has been fixed irrespective of the performance of the other party’s obligations.

 

(3)因提(ti)前履(lv)行給債(zhai)權(quan)人帶來(lai)的額(e)外(wai)費用應由債(zhai)務(wu)人承擔(dan)，并且不(bu)得損(sun)害(hai)其他任(ren)何救濟。

(3) Additional expenses caused to the obligee by earlier performance are to be borne by the obligor, without prejudice to any other remedy.

 

第6.1.6條 履行地  ARTICLE 6.1.6 Place of performance

(1)如果(guo)合(he)(he)同(tong)中(zhong)既未規(gui)定(ding)履行地(di)(di)，或者依據合(he)(he)同(tong)也無法確定(ding)履行地(di)(di)，則應按下述地(di)(di)點履行:

(1) If the place of performance is neither fixed by, nor determinable from, the contract, a party is to perform:

 

(a)金錢債(zhai)務，在(zai)債(zhai)權人的營業(ye)地(di);(a) a monetary obligation, at the obligee’s place of business;

 

(b)任何(he)其它義務，在債務人(ren)自己的(de)營業地。

(b) any other obligation, at its own place of business.

 

(2)當事人應承擔在(zai)合同訂立后因其營業地的(de)改變(bian)而(er)給履行增加的(de)費用。

(2) A party must bear any increase in the expenses incidental to performance which is caused by a change in its place of business subsequent to the conclusion of the contract.

 

第6.1.7條 以支票或其他票據付款  ARTICLE 6.1.7 Payment by cheque or other instrument

(1)付款(kuan)可以(yi)采用(yong)在付款(kuan)地正常商(shang)業做法中所(suo)使用(yong)的任何形式做出。

(1) Payment may be made in any form used in the ordinary course of business at the place for payment.

 

(2)但是，債(zhai)權人(ren)無論是根據(ju)第(1)款(kuan)的規定(ding)還是自愿地接受(shou)支票、其他付(fu)款(kuan)命令或付(fu)款(kuan)承諾，均推(tui)定(ding)該接受(shou)是以這些票據(ju)能夠獲得(de)支付(fu)為條件。

(2) However, an obligee who accepts, either by virtue of paragraph(1) or voluntarily, a cheque, any other order to pay or a promise to pay, is presumed to do so only on condition that it will be honoured.

 

第6.1.8條 轉賬支付  ARTICLE 6.1.8 Payment by funds transfer

(1)除非債權人已(yi)指定特定賬戶，付款可以(yi)通過將款項轉至債權人已(yi)告知其設(she)有賬戶的任何金融機構進行(xing)。

(1) Unless the obligee has indicated a particular account, payment may be made by a transfer to any of the financial institutions in which the obligee has made it known that it has an account.

 

(2)在采(cai)用轉賬支付的情況(kuang)下，債務人的義務在款(kuan)項有(you)效轉至債權人的金融機(ji)構時(shi)解(jie)除。

(2) In case of payment by a transfer the obligation of the obligor is discharged when the transfer to the obligee’s financial institution becomes effective.

 

第6.1.9條 付款貨幣   ARTICLE 6.1.9 Currency of payment

(1)如果金錢債務是以非付(fu)(fu)款地的貨幣表(biao)示的，則債務人可以用付(fu)(fu)款地之貨幣支(zhi)付(fu)(fu)，除非:

(1) If a monetary obligation is expressed in a currency other than that of the place for payment, it may be paid by the obligor in the currency of the place for payment unless

 

(a)那種貨幣不能自(zi)由兌(dui)換;或(huo)者(a) that currency is not freely convertible; or

 

(b)當事人各方約(yue)定只能以(yi)表示金(jin)錢債(zhai)務的貨幣進行支(zhi)付。

(b) the parties have agreed that payment should be made only in the currency in which the monetary obligation is expressed.

 

(2)如果債(zhai)務人不(bu)可(ke)能以(yi)表示金錢(qian)債(zhai)務的貨幣支(zhi)付(fu)(fu)，則(ze)債(zhai)權人可(ke)要求以(yi)付(fu)(fu)款(kuan)地(di)的貨幣支(zhi)付(fu)(fu)，即便屬第(1)款(kuan)(b)項(xiang)規(gui)定的情況(kuang)亦可(ke)如此要求。

(2) If it is impossible for the obligor to make payment in the currency in which the monetary obligation is expressed, the obligee may require payment in the currency of the place for payment, even in the case referred to in paragraph(1)(b).

 

(3)以付(fu)(fu)款地的貨幣支付(fu)(fu)時，應按照付(fu)(fu)款義務(wu)到期時付(fu)(fu)款地適用的通行匯率支付(fu)(fu)。

(3) Payment in the currency of the place for payment is to be made according to the applicable rate of exchange prevailing there when payment is due.

 

(4)但是，如果債(zhai)務(wu)人在付(fu)(fu)(fu)款到期時(shi)未(wei)支(zhi)付(fu)(fu)(fu)款項，則債(zhai)權人既可要求債(zhai)務(wu)人根(gen)據付(fu)(fu)(fu)款義務(wu)到期時(shi)或(huo)實際付(fu)(fu)(fu)款時(shi)所適用的(de)通行(xing)匯率(lv)進行(xing)支(zhi)付(fu)(fu)(fu)。

(4) However, if the obligor has not paid at the time when payment is due, the obligee may require payment according to the applicable rate of exchange prevailing either when payment is due or at the time of actual payment.

 

第6.1.10條 未規定貨幣  ARTICLE 6.1.10 Currency not expressed

如(ru)果一項金錢債務未以某一具體(ti)貨(huo)幣作表示，則付(fu)款應(ying)以付(fu)款地的(de)貨(huo)幣進行(xing)支(zhi)付(fu)。

Where a monetary obligation is not expressed in a particular currency, payment must be made in the currency of the place where payment is to be made.

 

第6.1.11條 履行費用  ARTICLE 6.1.11 Costs of performance

每一(yi)方當事人應承擔其(qi)履行義務時所發生的(de)費(fei)用。

Each party shall bear the costs of performance of its obligations.

 

第6.1.12條 指定清償  ARTICLE 6.1.12 Imputation of payments

 (1)對同一債(zhai)權人負(fu)有多項金錢債(zhai)務(wu)的(de)債(zhai)務(wu)人，可在付款(kuan)時指定該款(kuan)項用以償(chang)還的(de)債(zhai)務(wu)。但是，該款(kuan)項應首先償(chang)付任何費用，其次(ci)為應付利息，最后(hou)為本(ben)金。

(1) An obligor owing several monetary obligations to the same obligee may specify at the time of payment the debt to which it intends the payment to be applied. However, the payment discharges first any expenses, then interest due and finally the

principal.

 

(2)如果債(zhai)務(wu)(wu)人(ren)未(wei)加指定，則債(zhai)權人(ren)可在獲(huo)得(de)支付后的(de)(de)合理時(shi)間內向債(zhai)務(wu)(wu)人(ren)聲明該款項(xiang)用以償(chang)還的(de)(de)債(zhai)務(wu)(wu)，但是(shi)該項(xiang)債(zhai)務(wu)(wu)必(bi)須是(shi)到(dao)期的(de)(de)，并且是(shi)無爭議(yi)的(de)(de)。

(2) If the obligor makes no such specification, the obligee may, within a reasonable time after payment, declare to the obligor the obligation to which it imputes the payment, provided that the obligation is due and undisputed.

 

(3)如果(guo)根據第(1)款(kuan)(kuan)或(huo)第(2)款(kuan)(kuan)的(de)規定無法確(que)定清償(chang)對象，則付款(kuan)(kuan)應按(an)下(xia)列(lie)標準之一及指明的(de)順序(xu)償(chang)還債務:

(3) In the absence of imputation under paragraphs(1) or(2) payment is imputed to that obligation which satisfies one of the following criteria in the order indicated:

 

(a)到期之債務，或者首(shou)先到期之債務;

(a) an obligation which is due or which is the first to fall due;

 

(b)債(zhai)(zhai)權人享(xiang)有最少擔保之債(zhai)(zhai)務;

(b) the obligation for which the obligee has least security;

 

(c)對債(zhai)務(wu)(wu)人屬于負(fu)擔最(zui)重之債(zhai)務(wu)(wu);或(huo)者

(c) the obligation which is the most burdensome for the obligor;

 

(d)最先(xian)發生之債務。(d) the obligation which has arisen first.

 

若(ruo)以(yi)上(shang)標準均不適用，則按比例用以(yi)清償各項債(zhai)務。

If none of the preceding criteria applies, payment is imputed to all the obligations proportionally.

 

第6.1.13條 非金錢債務的指定清償 

 ARTICLE 6.1.13 Imputation of non-monetary obligations

 本章第6.1.12條的規定經適當(dang)修改后適用于非金錢債(zhai)務(wu)的指(zhi)定履行。

Article 6.1.12 applies with appropriate adaptations to the imputation of performance of non-monetary obligations.

 

第6.1.14條 申請公共許可  ARTICLE 6.1.14 Application for public permission

若(ruo)一國(guo)法律(lv)所要(yao)求的公(gong)共許可影(ying)響到合(he)同的效力或(huo)其(qi)履行，并且該(gai)法律(lv)或(huo)有關情況都無其(qi)他(ta)表明，則

Where the law of a State requires a public permission affecting the validity of the contract or its performance and neither that law nor the circumstances indicate otherwise

 

(a)如(ru)果只有一方當事(shi)(shi)人(ren)的(de)營業地(di)在該(gai)國，則該(gai)方當事(shi)(shi)人(ren)應采取必要的(de)措施以取得該(gai)許可;

(a) if only one party has its place of business in that State, that party shall takethe measures necessary to obtain the permission;

 

 (b)在任何其他情況下，履行須(xu)經許可的那一方當(dang)(dang)事人應當(dang)(dang)采(cai)取(qu)必(bi)要的措(cuo)施。

(b) in any other case the party whose performance requires permission shall take the necessary measures.

 

第6.1.15條 申請許可的程序  ARTICLE 6.1.15 Procedure in applying for permission

(1)有義務采取必要措施(shi)以取得許可(ke)的當事人(ren)，應(ying)毫不遲(chi)延地如此(ci)行事，并應(ying)該承擔(dan)由此(ci)產生的一切(qie)費(fei)用。

(1) The party required to take the measures necessary to obtain the permission shall do so without undue delay and shall bear any expenses incurred.

 

(2)該(gai)(gai)方當(dang)(dang)事人應在任何適當(dang)(dang)的(de)時候，毫不遲(chi)延地向另一方當(dang)(dang)事人發出該(gai)(gai)許可已(yi)獲批準或遭到拒絕的(de)通知。

(2) That party shall whenever appropriate give the other party notice of the grant or refusal of such permission without undue delay.

 

第6.1.16條 許可既未獲批準又未遭拒絕 

ARTICLE 6.1.16 Permission neither granted nor refused

 (1)盡(jin)管有(you)義(yi)務的(de)當(dang)事人(ren)采取(qu)了所有(you)必(bi)要的(de)措施(shi)，如果在(zai)約定的(de)期間之內(nei)，或若無(wu)此約定，則(ze)在(zai)合同(tong)訂立后的(de)合理時間之內(nei)，許可申請既未獲得批準又未遭到拒絕，則(ze)任何一方當(dang)事人(ren)均(jun)有(you)權(quan)終止該合同(tong)。

(1) If, notwithstanding the fact that the party responsible has taken all measures required, permission is neither granted nor refused within an agreed period or, where no period has been agreed, within a reasonable time from the conclusion of the contract, either party is entitled to terminate the contract.

 

(2)當許可僅影響(xiang)合(he)同(tong)的(de)某(mou)些條款時，如果維持合(he)同(tong)的(de)其余部分是(shi)合(he)理(li)的(de)，即便許可遭到拒絕，也不適用上述(shu)第(1)款。

(2) Where the permission affects some terms only, paragraph(1) does not apply if, having regard to the circumstances, it is reasonable to uphold the remaining contract even if the permission is refused.

 

第6.1.17條 拒絕許可  ARTICLE 6.1.17 Permission refused

(1)當拒絕許可(ke)影(ying)響(xiang)合(he)(he)同的(de)(de)效力(li)時，則該(gai)拒絕導致合(he)(he)同無(wu)效。如果拒絕許可(ke)只影(ying)響(xiang)合(he)(he)同部(bu)(bu)分條(tiao)(tiao)款的(de)(de)效力(li)，則僅該(gai)部(bu)(bu)分條(tiao)(tiao)款無(wu)效，如果考慮到(dao)各種情(qing)況(kuang)維持(chi)合(he)(he)同的(de)(de)其(qi)余部(bu)(bu)分是(shi)合(he)(he)理的(de)(de)。

(1) The refusal of a permission affecting the validity of the contract renders the contract void. If the refusal affects the validity of some terms only, only such terms are void if, having regard to the circumstances, it is reasonable to uphold the remaining contract.

 

(2)當拒(ju)絕(jue)許可導致(zhi)合(he)同的(de)全(quan)部(bu)或部(bu)分履行不(bu)可能時(shi)，適用有關不(bu)履行的(de)規定。

(2) Where the refusal of a permission renders the performance of the contract impossible in whole or in part, the rules on non-performance apply.

 

第二節:艱難情形(xing)SECTION 2: HARDSHIP

第6.2.1條 合同必須遵守  ARTICLE 6.2.1 Contract to be observed

如果(guo)合同(tong)的履(lv)行使一方當事人(ren)變得負擔加重(zhong)，該方當事人(ren)仍應履(lv)行其義(yi)務，但(dan)屬于下(xia)列(lie)艱難情形規定的除外。

Where the performance of a contract becomes more onerous for one of the parties, that party is nevertheless bound to perform its obligations subject to the following provisions on hardship.

 

第6.2.2條 艱難情形的定義  ARTICLE 6.2.2 Definition of hardship

所(suo)謂艱難(nan)情形，是指發生的(de)事(shi)(shi)件使得一(yi)方當(dang)事(shi)(shi)人履約(yue)成(cheng)本(ben)增加(jia)或者一(yi)方當(dang)事(shi)(shi)人所(suo)獲履約(yue)的(de)價值(zhi)減少，因而根(gen)本(ben)改(gai)變了(le)合同均衡(heng)，并(bing)且

There is hardship where the occurrence of events fundamentally alters the equilibrium of the contract either because the cost of a party’s performance has increased or because the value of the performance a party receives has diminished, and

 

(a)該事(shi)件的(de)發生(sheng)或為(wei)處于(yu)不利(li)地位的(de)當事(shi)人知(zhi)道事(shi)件的(de)發生(sheng)在合同訂(ding)立(li)之后;

(a) the events occur or become known to the disadvantaged party after the conclusion of the contract;

 

(b)處于(yu)不利地(di)位的當(dang)事(shi)人在訂立(li)合同(tong)時不能合理地(di)預見(jian)事(shi)件的發生;

(b) the events could not reasonably have been taken into account by the disadvantaged party at the time of the conclusion of the contract;

 

(c)事件不能為處于不利地位的當事人所控制;而且

(c) the events are beyond the control of the disadvantaged party; and

 

(d)事件的風險不由處于不利地位的當事人承擔(dan)。

(d) the risk of the events was not assumed by the disadvantaged party.

 

第6.2.3條(tiao)(艱難情形的后(hou)果)

ARTICLE 6.2.3(Effects of hardship)

 

(1)若(ruo)出(chu)現(xian)艱難(nan)情形(xing)，處于不利地(di)位的當事人有權要(yao)求(qiu)重(zhong)新談(tan)判。但是，提出(chu)此要(yao)求(qiu)應毫不遲(chi)延地(di)，而且說(shuo)明提出(chu)該要(yao)求(qiu)的理由(you)。

(1) In case of hardship the disadvantaged party is entitled to request renegotiations. The request shall be made without undue delay and shall indicate the grounds on which it is based.

 

(2)重(zhong)新談判的要求本身(shen)并不能(neng)使處于不利(li)地位的當事人有權停止履約。

(2) The request for renegotiation does not in itself entitle the disadvantaged party to withhold performance.

 

(3)在合理(li)時間內不能達成協議時，任何一(yi)方當事人均可訴諸法院(yuan)。

(3) Upon failure to reach agreement within a reasonable time either party may resort to the court.

 

(4)如果(guo)法院認定存(cun)在艱(jian)難情形(xing)，只要合理，法院可以:

(4) If the court finds hardship it may, if reasonable,

 

(a)在確定的(de)日期并按確定的(de)條件終(zhong)止合同，或者

 (a) terminate the contract at a date and on terms to be fixed, or

 

(b)為恢復合同的均(jun)衡而修改(gai)合同。

(b) adapt the contract with a view to restoring its equilibrium.

 

第七(qi)章 不(bu)履(lv)行CHAPTER 7 — NON-PERFORMANCE

第一(yi)節 不履行的一(yi)般(ban)規定SECTION 1: NON-PERFORMANCE IN GENERAL

第7.1.1條 不履行的定義  ARTICLE 7.1.1 Non-performance defined

不履行是指(zhi)一方當事人未(wei)能履行其合同項下的任(ren)何一項義務，包括瑕疵履行和遲延履行。

Non-performance is failure by a party to perform any of its obligations under the contract, including defective performance or late performance.

 

第7.1.2條  另一方當事人的干預   ARTICLE 7.1.2 Interference by the other party

一(yi)方當事人(ren)不得依(yi)賴(lai)另一(yi)方當事人(ren)的(de)不履(lv)行，如果該不履(lv)行是(shi)在(zai)由(you)前者的(de)作(zuo)為(wei)或(huo)不作(zuo)為(wei)或(huo)由(you)其承擔(dan)風險的(de)其他事件(jian)所致(zhi)的(de)范圍(wei)內。

A party may not rely on the non-performance of the other party to the extent that such non-performance was caused by the first party’s act or omission or by another event as to which the first party bears the risk.

 

第7.1.3條 停止履行  ARTICLE 7.1.3 Withholding performance

(1)當(dang)事(shi)(shi)(shi)人(ren)各方(fang)(fang)應同時(shi)履行(xing)(xing)合(he)同義務的，任(ren)何一方(fang)(fang)當(dang)事(shi)(shi)(shi)人(ren)可(ke)在另(ling)一方(fang)(fang)當(dang)事(shi)(shi)(shi)人(ren)提供履行(xing)(xing)前停止履行(xing)(xing)。

(1) Where the parties are to perform simultaneously, either party may withhold performance until the other party tenders its performance.

 

(2)當事人(ren)各(ge)方(fang)應相繼履(lv)行合(he)同義務的(de)(de)，后履(lv)行的(de)(de)一(yi)方(fang)當事人(ren)可在(zai)應先予(yu)履(lv)行的(de)(de)一(yi)方(fang)當事人(ren)完成履(lv)行之前停止履(lv)行。

(2) Where the parties are to perform consecutively, the party that is to perform later may withhold its performance until the first party has performed.

 

第7.1.4條 不履行方的補救  ARTICLE 7.1.4 Cure by non-performing party

(1)不履行一方當事人可自(zi)己承擔費用對其不履行進行補救，但須(xu)符合下(xia)述條件:

(1) The non-performing party may, at its own expense, cure any nonperformance, provided that

 

 (a)該(gai)方當事人毫不遲延地通知另一方當事人其擬進(jin)行補(bu)救的方式和時間;

(a) without undue delay, it gives notice indicating the proposed manner and timing of the cure;

 

(b)該補救在當時情(qing)況下是適(shi)當的;(b) cure is appropriate in the circumstances;

 

(c)受損害方對(dui)于拒絕補(bu)救(jiu)無合法利益;并且

(c) the aggrieved party has no legitimate interest in refusing cure; and

 

(d)補救是立即進行的。(d) cure is effected promptly.

 

(2)補救的(de)權(quan)利并不因終止合同(tong)的(de)通(tong)知被排除。

 (2) The right to cure is not precluded by notice of termination.

 

(3)在收(shou)到有效(xiao)的(de)補(bu)救(jiu)通知后，受損害方所享有的(de)與(yu)不履行(xing)方的(de)履行(xing)行(xing)為不一致的(de)權(quan)利應予(yu)中止，直至補(bu)救(jiu)期限屆滿。

(3) Upon effective notice of cure, rights of the aggrieved party that are inconsistent with the non-performing party’s performance are suspended until the time for cure has expired.

 

(4)受損害方在補救期間有權停止履行。

(4) The aggrieved party may withhold performance pending cure.

 

(5)盡管進(jin)行補(bu)救(jiu)，受損(sun)害方仍保留對遲(chi)延以及(ji)因補(bu)救(jiu)所造成(cheng)的、或補(bu)救(jiu)未能阻止的損(sun)害要求損(sun)害賠償(chang)的權(quan)利。

(5) Notwithstanding cure, the aggrieved party retains the right to claim damages for delay as well as for any harm caused or not prevented by the cure.

 

第7.1.5條 履行的額外期間  ARTICLE 7.1.5 Additional period for performance

(1)在出(chu)現不(bu)履行的情況下，受損害方(fang)可通(tong)知另一方(fang)當事(shi)人(ren)，允(yun)許(xu)其有一段額外期間履行義務(wu)。

(1) In a case of non-performance the aggrieved party may by notice to the other party allow an additional period of time for performance.

 

(2)在(zai)此額(e)(e)外(wai)(wai)(wai)期間內(nei)(nei)，受損(sun)(sun)害(hai)(hai)方可停止履(lv)行(xing)其(qi)對應的義(yi)務，并(bing)且可要(yao)求損(sun)(sun)害(hai)(hai)賠償，但不得采取(qu)任何其(qi)他救濟手段。如果受損(sun)(sun)害(hai)(hai)方收(shou)到另一方當事(shi)人(ren)在(zai)此額(e)(e)外(wai)(wai)(wai)期間內(nei)(nei)將不會履(lv)行(xing)的通(tong)知，或者(zhe)，在(zai)此額(e)(e)外(wai)(wai)(wai)期間屆滿時另一方當事(shi)人(ren)仍未完成對其(qi)義(yi)務的履(lv)行(xing)，則受損(sun)(sun)害(hai)(hai)方可采取(qu)本章所規定的任何救濟手段。

(2) During the additional period the aggrieved party may withhold performance of its own reciprocal obligations and may claim damages but may not resort to any other remedy. If it receives notice from the other party that the latter will not perform within that period, or if upon expiry of that period due performance has not been made, the aggrieved party may resort to any of the remedies that may be available under this Chapter.

 

(3)在不(bu)屬根本(ben)性的(de)(de)延遲履(lv)(lv)行(xing)的(de)(de)情(qing)況下，如(ru)果(guo)受(shou)(shou)(shou)損害方(fang)已發出通(tong)知，給予(yu)不(bu)履(lv)(lv)行(xing)方(fang)一段(duan)合理(li)的(de)(de)額(e)外(wai)(wai)期(qi)間(jian)(jian)履(lv)(lv)行(xing)其義務，則(ze)受(shou)(shou)(shou)損害方(fang)在該段(duan)期(qi)間(jian)(jian)屆(jie)滿(man)時可終止合同。如(ru)果(guo)所允(yun)許的(de)(de)額(e)外(wai)(wai)期(qi)間(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)長(chang)(chang)度不(bu)合理(li)，則(ze)應(ying)延長(chang)(chang)至合理(li)的(de)(de)長(chang)(chang)度。受(shou)(shou)(shou)損害方(fang)可在其通(tong)知中規定(ding)，如(ru)果(guo)另一方(fang)當(dang)事人在此額(e)外(wai)(wai)期(qi)間(jian)(jian)內(nei)仍不(bu)履(lv)(lv)行(xing)其義務，合同應(ying)自動終止。

(3) Where in a case of delay in performance which is not fundamental the aggrieved party has given notice allowing an additional period of time of reasonable length, it may terminate the contract at the end of that period. If the additional period allowed is not of reasonable length it shall be extended to a reasonable length. The aggrieved party may in its notice provide that if the other party fails to perform within the period allowed by the notice the contract shall automatically terminate.

 

(4)如果未履行的義務只是不(bu)履行方合同義務中(zhong)的一(yi)項輕(qing)微義務，則本條第(3)款(kuan)不(bu)適(shi)用。

 (4) Paragraph(3) does not apply where the obligation which has not been performed is only a minor part of the contractual obligation of the non-performing party.

 

第7.1.6條 免責條款  ARTICLE 7.1.6 Exemption clauses

若一項條款(kuan)(kuan)限制或排除一方當(dang)(dang)事(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)對(dui)不履(lv)行合同(tong)義務的(de)(de)責任(ren)，或者(zhe)允(yun)許(xu)一方當(dang)(dang)事(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)履(lv)行可與(yu)另一方當(dang)(dang)事(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)合理期待(dai)有(you)實質差異，在考慮到合同(tong)的(de)(de)目的(de)(de)的(de)(de)情況下，如援引該(gai)條款(kuan)(kuan)明顯(xian)不公平(ping)，則不得(de)援引該(gai)條款(kuan)(kuan)。

A clause which limits or excludes one party’s liability for non-performance or whichpermits one party to render performance substantially different from what the other party reasonably expected may not be invoked if it would be grossly unfair to do so, having regard to the purpose of the contract.

 

第7.1.7條 不可抗力  ARTICLE 7.1.7 Force majeure

(1)若不(bu)履(lv)行(xing)的一方當事(shi)人(ren)證明，其不(bu)履(lv)行(xing)是(shi)由于非(fei)他(ta)所能(neng)控制的障礙(ai)所致，而且(qie)在合(he)(he)同(tong)訂(ding)立之時(shi)該方當事(shi)人(ren)無法合(he)(he)理地預(yu)見，或不(bu)能(neng)合(he)(he)理地避(bi)免(mian)(mian)或克服該障礙(ai)及其后(hou)果，則不(bu)履(lv)行(xing)方應予免(mian)(mian)責。

(1) Non-performance by a party is excused if that party proves that the nonperformance was due to an impediment beyond its control and that it could not reasonably be expected to have taken the impediment into account at the time of the conclusion of the contract or to have avoided or overcome it or its consequences.

 

(2)若(ruo)障礙(ai)只(zhi)是暫時的(de)，則(ze)在考慮(lv)到這種障礙(ai)對合同履(lv)行影響的(de)情況下，免責(ze)只(zhi)在一段(duan)合理的(de)期間內具有效力(li)。

(2) When the impediment is only temporary, the excuse shall have effect for such period as is reasonable having regard to the effect of the impediment on the performance of the contract.

 

(3)未(wei)(wei)能(neng)履行義務的(de)一方(fang)(fang)當事人(ren)必(bi)須將障(zhang)礙(ai)及對(dui)其履約能(neng)力的(de)影響通知另(ling)一方(fang)(fang)當事人(ren)。若另(ling)一方(fang)(fang)當事人(ren)在未(wei)(wei)履行方(fang)(fang)知道或應(ying)當知道該(gai)障(zhang)礙(ai)后的(de)一段合理時間內沒有收(shou)到(dao)(dao)通知，則未(wei)(wei)履行方(fang)(fang)應(ying)對(dui)另(ling)一方(fang)(fang)當事人(ren)因(yin)未(wei)(wei)收(shou)到(dao)(dao)通知而導致(zhi)的(de)損害負(fu)賠償責任。

(3) The party who fails to perform must give notice to the other party of the impediment and its effect on its ability to perform. If the notice is not received by the other party within a reasonable time after the party who fails to perform knew or ought to have known of the impediment, it is liable for damages resulting from such nonreceipt.

 

(4)本條并不妨(fang)礙(ai)一方當事人(ren)行(xing)使終止(zhi)合同、停止(zhi)履行(xing)或對(dui)到期應付(fu)款項要(yao)求支付(fu)利(li)息的權利(li)。

(4) Nothing in this article prevents a party from exercising a right to terminate the contract or to withhold performance or request interest on money due.

 

第(di)二節 要求(qiu)履(lv)行的(de)權利SECTION 2: RIGHT TO PERFORMANCE

第7.2.1條 金錢債務的履行  ARTICLE 7.2.1 Performance of monetary obligation

如(ru)果有義(yi)務(wu)付款(kuan)的一(yi)方當事人未(wei)履行其付款(kuan)義(yi)務(wu)，則另一(yi)方當事人可以要求付款(kuan)。

Where a party who is obliged to pay money does not do so, the other party may require payment.

 

第7.2.2條 非金錢債務的履行  ARTICLE 7.2.2 Performance of non-monetary obligation

 如果(guo)一方(fang)(fang)當事人(ren)未履行(xing)其不屬支付金錢的債務，另一方(fang)(fang)當事人(ren)可要求履行(xing)，除(chu)非:

 Where a party who owes an obligation other than one to pay money does not perform, the other party may require performance, unless

 

(a)履行在(zai)法(fa)律上或事實上不(bu)可能(neng); (a) performance is impossible in law or in fact;

 

(b)履行(xing)或相關的執行(xing)帶來不(bu)合理的負擔或費(fei)用;

(b) performance or, where relevant, enforcement is unreasonably burdensome or expensive;

 

(c)有權要求(qiu)履行(xing)的一方當事人可(ke)以合(he)理(li)地從其他渠道獲(huo)得履行(xing);

(c) the party entitled to performance may reasonably obtain performance from another source;

 

(d)履行完全屬于人身性質;或者  (d) performance is of an exclusively personal character; or

 

(e)有權要求履(lv)行的一(yi)方(fang)當(dang)事人在(zai)已(yi)經知道或(huo)應當(dang)知道該不履(lv)行后的一(yi)段合理(li)時間內未要求履(lv)行。

(e) the party entitled to performance does not require performance within a reasonable time after it has, or ought to have, become aware of the non-performance.

 

第7.2.3條 對瑕疵履(lv)行的(de)修補和替換

 ARTICLE 7.2.3 Repair and replacement of defective performance

 要求履(lv)行的(de)(de)權(quan)利，在適當的(de)(de)情況(kuang)下，包括對瑕疵履(lv)行要求修補、替換(huan)或其他補救的(de)(de)權(quan)利。這里也適用(yong)第7.2.1條(tiao)(tiao)和(he)第7.2.2條(tiao)(tiao)的(de)(de)規定。

The right to performance includes in appropriate cases the right to require repair, replacement, or other cure of defective performance. The provisions of Articles 7.2.1 and 7.2.2 apply accordingly.

 

第7.2.4條 法院判決的罰金   ARTICLE 7.2.4 Judicial penalty

(1)當法院(yuan)(yuan)判決(jue)一方當事人履(lv)行義務時，若(ruo)該(gai)方當事人不執行該(gai)判決(jue)，法院(yuan)(yuan)還(huan)可責令其支付罰(fa)金。

(1) Where the court orders a party to perform, it may also direct that this party pay a penalty if it does not comply with the order.

 

(2)罰金應支(zhi)付給受損(sun)害(hai)(hai)方，除非(fei)法院地的強(qiang)制性法規另有規定，向受損(sun)害(hai)(hai)方支(zhi)付罰金并不排除其任何要求損(sun)害(hai)(hai)賠償的主張權。

(2) The penalty shall be paid to the aggrieved party unless mandatory provisions of the law of the forum provide otherwise. Payment of the penalty to the aggrieved party does not exclude any claim for damages.

 

第7.2.5條 救濟的變更  ARTICLE 7.2.5 Change of remedy

(1)要求履(lv)行非金(jin)錢債務(wu)的(de)受損害方，在(zai)規定的(de)期限內或(huo)若無(wu)此(ci)規定在(zai)一段合(he)理的(de)時間(jian)內，未獲(huo)得履(lv)行，則該方當事人(ren)可訴(su)諸任何其他的(de)救濟手段。

(1) An aggrieved party who has required performance of a non-monetary obligation and who has not received performance within a period fixed or otherwise within a reasonable period of time may invoke any other remedy.

 

 (2)當對于(yu)履行非(fei)金錢債務的法院判決不(bu)能(neng)得到執行時(shi)，受損(sun)害(hai)方(fang)可訴諸任(ren)何其他的救濟(ji)手段。

(2) Where the decision of a court for performance of a non-monetary obligation cannot be enforced, the aggrieved party may invoke any other remedy.

 

第(di)三節 合(he)同的(de)終止SECTION 3: TERMINATION

第7.3.1條 終止合同的權利  ARTICLE 7.3.1 Right to terminate the contract

(1)合(he)同(tong)(tong)一方當(dang)事人可終止(zhi)合(he)同(tong)(tong)，如果另一方當(dang)事人未履(lv)行(xing)其(qi)合(he)同(tong)(tong)項下(xia)的(de)某項義(yi)務構(gou)成對合(he)同(tong)(tong)的(de)根本不(bu)履(lv)行(xing)。

(1) A party may terminate the contract where the failure of the other party to perform an obligation under the contract amounts to a fundamental non-performance.

 

(2)在(zai)確(que)定(ding)不履(lv)行某項(xiang)義(yi)務(wu)是(shi)否(fou)構成根本不履(lv)行時，應特別考慮是(shi)否(fou)存在(zai)以下情況:

(2) In determining whether a failure to perform an obligation amounts to a fundamental non-performance regard shall be had, in particular, to whether

 

(a)不履行從實質(zhi)上剝奪了受損害方(fang)根據合(he)(he)同有權期待的利益，除非(fei)另一方(fang)當事人并未預見也不可能合(he)(he)理地預見到(dao)此結果(guo);

(a) the non-performance substantially deprives the aggrieved party of what it was entitled to expect under the contract unless the other party did not foresee and could not reasonably have foreseen such result;

 

(b)對未履行義務的嚴格遵守(shou)是合同項下的實質內容;

(b) strict compliance with the obligation which has not been performed is of essence under the contract;

 

(c)不履行是有意所致還是疏忽所致;  (c) the non-performance is intentional or reckless;

 

(d)不履(lv)行使(shi)受損(sun)害方(fang)(fang)有理(li)由相信，他不能信賴另(ling)一(yi)方(fang)(fang)當事人的未來履(lv)行;

(d) the non-performance gives the aggrieved party reason to believe that it cannot rely on the other party’s future performance;

 

(e)若合同被(bei)終止，不(bu)履行(xing)(xing)方將因已(yi)準(zhun)備或已(yi)履行(xing)(xing)而蒙受(shou)不(bu)相(xiang)稱的損失。

(e) the non-performing party will suffer disproportionate loss as a result of the preparation or performance if the contract is terminated.

 

(3)在遲延履行的(de)情況下(xia)，如果另一方(fang)當事(shi)人未在第7.1.5條允許的(de)額外期間屆(jie)滿前履行合(he)同，受損害方(fang)亦可(ke)終止合(he)同。

(3) In the case of delay the aggrieved party may also terminate the contract if the other party fails to perform before the time allowed it under Article 7.1.5 has expired.

 

第7.3.2條 終止通知  ARTICLE 7.3.2 Notice of termination

(1)一方當事(shi)人終止合同的權利(li)通過(guo)向另一方當事(shi)人發出通知(zhi)來行使(shi)。

(1) The right of a party to terminate the contract is exercised by notice to the other party.

 

(2)若屬(shu)遲延(yan)履行或履行與合(he)(he)同不符(fu)(fu)，受損害方(fang)將喪失終止合(he)(he)同的(de)權利(li)，除非他(ta)在已(yi)經知(zhi)道或理應(ying)知(zhi)道遲延(yan)履行或不符(fu)(fu)履行后(hou)一段合(he)(he)理時間內通知(zhi)另一方(fang)當事人。

(2) If performance has been offered late or otherwise does not conform to the contract the aggrieved party will lose its right to terminate the contract unless it gives notice to the other party within a reasonable time after it has or ought to have become aware of the offer or of the non-conforming performance.

 

第7.3.3條 預期不履行  ARTICLE 7.3.3 Anticipatory non-performance

 如果在一(yi)方(fang)當(dang)事人履行(xing)(xing)合(he)同(tong)日期(qi)之(zhi)前，情況表明該方(fang)當(dang)事人將根本不履行(xing)(xing)其(qi)合(he)同(tong)義務，則另一(yi)方(fang)當(dang)事人可(ke)終止合(he)同(tong)。

Where prior to the date for performance by one of the parties it is clear that there will be a fundamental non-performance by that party, the other party may terminate the contract.

 

第7.3.4條 如約履行的充分保證  ARTICLE 7.3.4 Adequate assurance of due performance

一(yi)方(fang)當事(shi)人如果有(you)理由相信(xin)另一(yi)方(fang)當事(shi)人將根本不履行(xing)，可(ke)要求其對如約履行(xing)提供(gong)充分保(bao)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)，并可(ke)同(tong)(tong)時停止履行(xing)其自己的合(he)同(tong)(tong)義務。若在合(he)理時間(jian)內(nei)不能提供(gong)這種保(bao)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)，則(ze)要求提供(gong)保(bao)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)的一(yi)方(fang)當事(shi)人可(ke)終止合(he)同(tong)(tong)。

A party who reasonably believes that there will be a fundamental non-performance by the other party may demand adequate assurance of due performance and may meanwhile withhold its own performance. Where this assurance is not provided within a reasonable time the party demanding it may terminate the contract.

 

第7.3.5條 終止合同的一般效果   ARTICLE 7.3.5 Effects of termination in general

(1)合同的終止(zhi)解除雙方當事人履行和接(jie)受未來(lai)履行的義務(wu)。

(1) Termination of the contract releases both parties from their obligation to effect and to receive future performance.

 

(2)終止并不排除對不履行要求損害賠償的(de)權利。

(2) Termination does not preclude a claim for damages for non-performance.

 

(3)終止并不影(ying)響合(he)同中關于解決爭議的(de)任何規定(ding)，或者甚至在合(he)同終止后(hou)仍(reng)應執行的(de)其他合(he)同條款。

(3) Termination does not affect any provision in the contract for the settlement of disputes or any other term of the contract which is to operate even after termination.

 

第7.3.6條 恢復原狀  ARTICLE 7.3.6 Restitution

(1)終止(zhi)合同時(shi)，任何(he)一方當(dang)事(shi)人可主張返還他所(suo)提供的一切(qie)，但是要(yao)以(yi)該(gai)方同時(shi)亦(yi)返還他所(suo)收到的一切(qie)為條件。如果實物(wu)返還不可能或不適(shi)當(dang)，只要(yao)合理，應以(yi)金(jin)錢予以(yi)補償。

(1) On termination of the contract either party may claim restitution of whatever it has supplied, provided that such party concurrently makes restitution of whatever it has received. If restitution in kind is not possible or appropriate allowance should be made in money whenever reasonable.

 

(2)但是若合同的(de)(de)履行已持(chi)續了(le)一段時(shi)間，并(bing)且(qie)合同是可分割的(de)(de)，則只能對合同終止(zhi)生效(xiao)后的(de)(de)那(nei)段期間的(de)(de)履行請求此類(lei)恢復原狀(zhuang)。

(2) However, if performance of the contract has extended over a period of time and the contract is divisible, such restitution can only be claimed for the period after termination has taken effect.

 

第(di)四(si)節(jie) 損害賠償SECTION 4: DAMAGES

第7.4.1條(tiao) 損害賠償(chang)的權利 ARTICLE 7.4.1 Right to damages

任(ren)何不履(lv)行均(jun)使(shi)受損(sun)害方取得損(sun)害賠(pei)償請求權，該權利既可以單獨行使(shi)，也可以和任(ren)何其他救(jiu)濟手段一并行使(shi)，但該不履(lv)行根據本通則屬可以免責的除外。

Any non-performance gives the aggrieved party a right to damages either exclusively or in conjunction with any other

remedies except where the non-performance is excused under these Principles.

 

第7.4.2條 賠償  ARTICLE 7.4.2 Full compensation

(1)受(shou)(shou)損(sun)(sun)害(hai)(hai)方對(dui)由于不履行(xing)而遭(zao)受(shou)(shou)的(de)損(sun)(sun)害(hai)(hai)有權得到完(wan)全賠償。該損(sun)(sun)害(hai)(hai)既包(bao)括該方當(dang)事人遭(zao)受(shou)(shou)的(de)任(ren)何損(sun)(sun)失，也包(bao)括其被剝奪的(de)任(ren)何收益，但應當(dang)考慮到受(shou)(shou)損(sun)(sun)害(hai)(hai)方因避免發生的(de)成本或損(sun)(sun)害(hai)(hai)而得到的(de)任(ren)何收益。

(1) The aggrieved party is entitled to full compensation for harm sustained as a result of the non-performance. Such harm includes both any loss which it suffered and any gain of which it was deprived, taking into account any gain to the aggrieved party resulting from its avoidance of cost or harm.

 

(2)此損害(hai)可(ke)以(yi)是非金錢性質的(de)，并且包括例如肉體或精神上(shang)的(de)痛(tong)苦。

(2) Such harm may be non-pecuniary and includes, for instance, physical suffering or emotional distress.

 

第7.4.3條 損害的確定  ARTICLE 7.4.3 Certainty of harm

(1)賠償僅適用(yong)于根據合理的(de)確(que)定性程度而證實的(de)損害(hai)，包(bao)括未來損害(hai)。

(1) Compensation is due only for harm, including future harm, that is established with a reasonable degree of certainty.

 

(2)對(dui)機(ji)會損(sun)失的賠償可根據(ju)機(ji)會發生的可能性程度來確定。

(2) Compensation may be due for the loss of a chance in proportion to the probability of its occurrence.

 

(3)凡不能以充(chong)分確定性(xing)程(cheng)度(du)來確定損害賠(pei)償的(de)金(jin)額，賠(pei)償金(jin)額的(de)確定取決于(yu)法院的(de)自(zi)由裁量權。

(3) Where the amount of damages cannot be established with a sufficient degree of certainty, the assessment is at the discretion of the court.

 

第7.4.4條 損害的可預見性  ARTICLE 7.4.4 Foreseeability of harm

不履行(xing)方僅對在訂(ding)立合(he)同時(shi)他已經預(yu)見(jian)到(dao)的(de)(de)或(huo)應當合(he)理預(yu)見(jian)到(dao)的(de)(de)、因其不履行(xing)可能產生的(de)(de)損害承(cheng)擔責任(ren)。

 The non-performing party is liable only for harm which it foresaw or could reasonably have foreseen at the time of the conclusion of the contract as being likely to result from its non-performance.

 

第7.4.5條 存在替代交易情況時的損害證明 

ARTICLE 7.4.5 Proof of harm in case of replacement transaction

在受損害方已(yi)終止合同并在合理(li)時間(jian)內以合理(li)方式(shi)進行了替代交易的(de)情(qing)況下，該(gai)方當事人可對原合同價格與替代交易價格之間(jian)的(de)差額以及任何進一步(bu)的(de)損害要求賠償。

Where the aggrieved party has terminated the contract and has made a replacement transaction within a reasonable time and in a reasonable manner it may recover the difference between the contract price and the price of the replacement transaction as well as damages for any further harm.

 

第7.4.6條 依時價確定損害的證明   ARTICLE 7.4.6  Proof of harm by current price

(1)在受損(sun)害(hai)方(fang)已終止(zhi)合同(tong)但未進行(xing)替代交易(yi)的情況(kuang)下(xia)，如果對于合同(tong)約定的履行(xing)存(cun)在時(shi)價(jia)(jia)，則該方(fang)當事(shi)人可對合同(tong)價(jia)(jia)格與合同(tong)終止(zhi)時(shi)的時(shi)價(jia)(jia)之間的差額(e)以及(ji)任(ren)何進一步的損(sun)害(hai)要求賠(pei)償。

(1) Where the aggrieved party has terminated the contract and has not made a replacement transaction but there is a current price for the performance contracted for, it may recover the difference between the contract price and the price current at the time the contract is terminated as well as damages for any further harm.

 

(2)時(shi)價是指在合同(tong)應(ying)當履行的(de)地點(dian)，對應(ying)交(jiao)付(fu)之貨(huo)物(wu)或應(ying)提供之服務在可比情況下通常所收取的(de)價格，或者(zhe)如果該(gai)地無時(shi)價，時(shi)價為可合理(li)參照的(de)另(ling)一地的(de)時(shi)價。

(2) Current price is the price generally charged for goods delivered or services rendered in comparable circumstances at the place where the contract should have been performed or, if there is no current price at that place, the current price at such other place that appears reasonable to take as a reference.

 

第7.4.7條 部分歸咎于受損害方的損害  ARTICLE 7.4.7 Harm due in part to aggrieved party

如果損(sun)(sun)害(hai)部分歸咎于受損(sun)(sun)害(hai)方(fang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)作為或不作為，或是(shi)由該方(fang)當(dang)事人承擔風(feng)險(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)其(qi)他事件(jian)所導致，在考慮到各(ge)方(fang)當(dang)事人行(xing)為的(de)(de)(de)(de)情(qing)況下(xia)，損(sun)(sun)害(hai)賠(pei)償金額應扣除因上述因素(su)導致的(de)(de)(de)(de)損(sun)(sun)害(hai)部分。

Where the harm is due in part to an act or omission of the aggrieved party or to another event as to which that party bears the risk, the amount of damages shall be reduced to the extent that these factors have contributed to the harm, having regard to the conduct of each of the parties.

 

第7.4.8條 損害的減輕  ARTICLE 7.4.8 Mitigation of harm

(1)不(bu)履行方(fang)對于受損(sun)害(hai)方(fang)所蒙受的(de)本來可(ke)以通過(guo)其采取合理(li)措施減少的(de)那部分損(sun)害(hai)，不(bu)承擔責任(ren)。

(1) The non-performing party is not liable for harm suffered by the aggrieved party to the extent that the harm could have been reduced by the latter party’s taking reasonable steps.

 

(2)受損(sun)害(hai)方有權對(dui)試圖減少(shao)損(sun)害(hai)而發生的一切合理費用要求補償。

(2) The aggrieved party is entitled to recover any expenses reasonably incurred in attempting to reduce the harm.

 

第7.4.9條 未付金錢債務的利息  ARTICLE 7.4.9 Interest for failure to pay money

 (1)如(ru)果一(yi)方(fang)當事人未支(zhi)(zhi)付(fu)一(yi)筆到期的(de)金(jin)錢債務，受(shou)損害(hai)方(fang)有權要求支(zhi)(zhi)付(fu)自該筆債務到期時起至支(zhi)(zhi)付(fu)時止(zhi)的(de)利(li)息，而不管(guan)該不付(fu)款是否可被(bei)免責(ze)。

(1) If a party does not pay a sum of money when it falls due the aggrieved party is entitled to interest upon that sum from the time when payment is due to the time of payment whether or not the non-payment is excused.

 

(2)利(li)(li)率(lv)(lv)應為(wei)(wei)付款地(di)(di)銀行(xing)對主要借款人借貸支(zhi)付貨(huo)幣(bi)的短期平均貸款通行(xing)利(li)(li)率(lv)(lv)。若(ruo)該地(di)(di)無此利(li)(li)率(lv)(lv)，則為(wei)(wei)支(zhi)付貨(huo)幣(bi)國(guo)家(jia)的此種(zhong)利(li)(li)率(lv)(lv)。當(dang)上述(shu)兩(liang)地(di)(di)均無此利(li)(li)率(lv)(lv)時，應為(wei)(wei)支(zhi)付貨(huo)幣(bi)國(guo)法律規定的適當(dang)利(li)(li)率(lv)(lv)。

(2) The rate of interest shall be the average bank short-term lending rate to prime borrowers prevailing for the currency of payment at the place for payment, or where no such rate exists at that place, then the same rate in the State of the currency of payment. In the absence of such a rate at either place the rate of interest shall be the appropriate rate fixed by the law of the State of the currency of payment.

 

(3)受損害方有權對不付款給(gei)其造(zao)成的更大的損害要(yao)求額外的損害賠償。

 (3) The aggrieved party is entitled to additional damages if the non-payment caused it a greater harm.

 

第7.4.10條 損害賠償的利息  ARTICLE 7.4.10 Interest on damages

除非(fei)另有(you)約定，對(dui)非(fei)金錢債務不履行(xing)的損害賠償(chang)的利息自不履行(xing)之(zhi)時(shi)起算。

Unless otherwise agreed, interest on damages for non-performance of non-monetary obligations accrues as from the time of non-performance.

 

第7.4.11條 金錢賠償的方式  ARTICLE 7.4.11 Manner of monetary redress

(1)損害(hai)(hai)賠償(chang)應一次付清。但是(shi)，當損害(hai)(hai)的性質適于分期付款償(chang)付時，也可分期償(chang)付。

(1) Damages are to be paid in a lump sum. However, they may be payable in instalments where the nature of the harm makes this appropriate.

(2)分期(qi)支付(fu)損害賠(pei)償金時(shi)，可(ke)以(yi)按指數調整。

(2) Damages to be paid in instalments may be indexed.

 

第7.4.12條 估算損害賠償金的貨幣  ARTICLE 7.4.12 Currency in which to assess damages

損(sun)害(hai)賠償(chang)金既可(ke)以(yi)用(yong)表示金錢債務的貨幣確定，也可(ke)以(yi)用(yong)遭(zao)受損(sun)害(hai)的貨幣確定，以(yi)兩者中最為適(shi)當的貨幣為準。

Damages are to be assessed either in the currency in which the monetary obligation was expressed or in the currency in which the harm was suffered, whichever is more appropriate.

 

第7.4.13條 對不履行所約定的付款  ARTICLE 7.4.13 Agreed payment for non-performance

(1)如果合同規定不履行方(fang)(fang)應支付受損(sun)害(hai)方(fang)(fang)一筆(bi)約定的金額，則受損(sun)害(hai)方(fang)(fang)有(you)權獲得該筆(bi)金額，而不管其實際損(sun)害(hai)如何。

(1) Where the contract provides that a party who does not perform is to pay a specified sum to the aggrieved party for such non-performance, the aggrieved party is entitled to that sum irrespective of its actual harm.

 

(2)但(dan)是，如果約(yue)定(ding)(ding)金額嚴(yan)重超過(guo)因不(bu)履行(xing)以及其他情(qing)況導(dao)致的(de)(de)損害，則可(ke)將(jiang)該約(yue)定(ding)(ding)金額減少(shao)至一個合理的(de)(de)數目，而(er)不(bu)考慮(lv)任何(he)與此相反的(de)(de)約(yue)定(ding)(ding)。

(2) However, notwithstanding any agreement to the contrary the specified sum may be reduced to a reasonable amount where it is grossly excessive in relation to the harm resulting from the non-performance and to the other circumstances.
大家覺得今天的文章如何？對大家有所幫助么？歡迎各位致信或致電安徽譯博翻譯的小編們！安徽譯(yi)(yi)博(bo)翻(fan)譯(yi)(yi)為您提供(gong)最高效，優質的翻(fan)譯(yi)(yi)服務

<i id='uEek5'></i>