漢語無主句不一定譯為英語被動句

許多情況下翻譯為主動語態或被動語態對意思的傳達不產生實質性影響,但根據我們對簡明英語的學習,主動語態在文體上更直截了當。

漢語中的主語經常省略,英語的主語不能省略。有人見到無主句就不加區分地翻譯為英語的被動句。當然,許多情況下翻譯為主動語態或被動語態對意思的傳達不產生實質性影響,但根據我們對簡明英語的學習,主動語態在文體上更直截了當。 下面,安徽譯博翻譯小編試舉兩(liang)例加以說明(ming)。

 

例1.

依(yi)法加強(qiang)采供血機構建設,健(jian)全采供血機構網絡;節約(yue)血液(ye)(ye)資源,做到合理、科學用血。建立健(jian)全省級血液(ye)(ye)中心。

到2002年底前(qian),要(yao)對不符合建設標(biao)準的地(di)(市)中心血站進(jin)行必要(yao)的改造。

可以翻譯為被動句:

A complete and up-to-standard network of Hood collection and distribution will be created according to law to strengthen institutional capacity. Blood resources will be conserved by using blood rationally and scientifically. Provincial blood centers will be established or improved. By the end of 2002,necessary changes will be made to prefectural and city blood centers that do not meet standards.

 

但根據寫作(zuo)的(de)原則,要盡(jin)量使用主(zhu)(zhu)動(dong)語態,所以可以增(zeng)加主(zhu)(zhu)語,翻譯(yi)為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)動(dong)句:

We will strengthen the institutional capacity in accordance with the law by creating a complete and up-to-standard network of blood collection and distribution. We will conserve blood resources by using blood rationally and scientifically. We will establish or improve provincial blood centers. By the end of 2002,we will make the necessary changes to prefectural and city blood centers that do not meet standards.
 

例2.

加強西部地區(qu)商品和要素(su)市場的(de)培育(yu)和建設。

A. Efforts will be made to develop markets of consumer goods and factors of production in the western region.

B. We will develop markets of consumer goods and factors of production in the western region.

上例中,efforts will be made to不(bu)(bu)起任何實質作用,惟(wei)一的作用就是(shi)為(wei)了把短(duan)語(yu)變為(wei)句子,這不(bu)(bu)符合簡潔(jie)的原則(ze)。所以(yi),主(zhu)動句更好一些。