英文合同結構與主要條款 標準英文合同通常可以分為前言（ Preamble ）、正文（ Text ）、證明部分（ Attestation ）、附錄（ Schedule ）四大部分組成。 1.前言（ Preamble ）部分 前言部分主要有如下內容： (1)指明簽約雙（各）方 例：中國某電廠（根據中華英文合同結構與主要條款
標準英文合同通常可以分為前言（Preamble）、正文（Text）、證明部分（Attestation）、附錄（Schedule）四大部分組成。
1. 前言（Preamble）部分
前言部分主要有如下內容：
(1) 指明簽約雙（各）方
例：中國某電廠（根據中華人民共和國法律成立注冊的公司，以下簡稱甲方）為一方,與美國西雅圖發電設備廠（根據美國法律成立注冊的公司，以下簡稱乙方）為另一方，雙方通過友好協商同意就下列條款簽訂本合同。
This Contract is made and entered into through friendly negotiation by and between China _____Corporation, a corporation organized and existing under the laws of the People's Republic of China (hereinafter referred to as "the Buyer"), as one party and__________, a corporation organized and existing under the laws of __________ (hereinafter referred to as "the Seller"), as the other party, under the following terms and conditions:
(2)鑒于（Whereas）、敘述（Recital）或背景（Background）部分
該部分主要是介紹合同的相關情況，具體有如下內容：
a) 合同雙（各）方的背景情況介紹，如各方所從事的行業：
例1： AMD engages through its Communication Products Division ("CPD") in the design, development, manufacture and sale of telecommunication products for public communications infrastructure systems, customer premise equipment and cordless telephony applications.
AMD公司是通過其通訊產品部門進行公共通訊產品的設計、研發、制造的企業，并銷售公共通訊系統、客戶預訂設備和無線通訊產品。
b) 合同目的
例
WHEREAS
c) 合同的背景情況
例：
Whereas Party C intends to buy the whole shares of × held by Party A, adhering to the principals of equality and mutual benefit, the parties have reached the following agreement (the "Agreement")after friendly consultations regarding the share transfer matters:
(3) 明確指明合同雙（各）方愿意簽訂本合同
例
Whereas Party A agrees to sell to Party B the products, _______, in compensation of the price of Party B's machines and equipment; Now therefore, in consideration of the premises and covenants described hereinafter, Party A and Party B agree a follows:
2.正文（Text）部分主要包含以下條款
(1) 定義（Definition）條款
該條款是對合同中的某些詞語的進行定義，確保各詞語在合同中的含義統一，以免發生歧義。這些詞語可分成兩大類。第一類是英文合同中的常用詞語，如附屬機構（Affiliate）、財務報表（Financial Statements）等；第二類是本合同中使用的具有特定含義的詞語。
例："Property" means property, assets, interests and rights of every description, wherever situated.
“財產”包括財產、資產、利益、權利等。財產之所在地在所不問。
(2)陳述與保證（Representations and Warranties）條款
該條款是合同雙（各）方對某些基本事實的陳述并保證其陳述的真實性，其構成合同簽訂與生效的前提。主要內容有：
a) 合法注冊、經營狀況現狀、相關資質（Organization, Standing and Qualification）
在該條款中，合同雙（各）方要說明其注冊地、注冊所依據的法律，聲明合法擁有其財產、經營狀況良好、有權簽訂并履行本合同。
b) 注冊資本（Capitalization）
在該條款中，合同雙（各）方要說明其各自的注冊資本金額、股權數量等情況。
c) 適當授權（Due Authorization）
在該條款中，合同雙（各）方要聲明其有權簽訂并履行本合同，本合同的簽訂對其具有約束力。
d) 重大債務（Liabilities）
在該條款中，合同雙（各）方要聲明除了其已經披露的之外，沒有其他重大債務。
e) 財產狀況（Status of Proprietary Assets）
在該條款中，合同雙（各）方要說明其在本合同簽訂時的主要財產狀況。
f) 財產權屬狀況（Title to Properties and Assets）
在該條款中，合同雙（各）方要聲明其財產所有權是完整的無瑕疵的。
g) 重大合同及其義務（Material Contracts and Obligations）
在該條款中，合同雙（各）方要說明，在本合同簽訂時其尚未完全履行的重大合同及其項下的義務。
h) 訴訟與仲裁（Litigation and Arbitration）
在該條款中，合同雙（各）方要說明在本合同簽訂時尚未審結的訴訟與仲裁案件。
i) 遵守法律與政府審批（Compliance with Laws; Governmental Consents）
在該條款中，合同雙（各）方要聲明其完全遵守各項適用法律并已得到政府的有關審批。
j) 履行其他約定義務（Compliance with Other Instruments and Agreements）
在該條款中，合同雙（各）方要聲明其完全履行其他各項約定義務。
k) 披露義務（Disclosure）
在該條款中，合同雙（各）方要聲明其已披露了所有與本合同相關或本合同要求披露的信息。
例：The Seller hereby represents and warrants as to itself that: 賣方謹此保證下列事項屬實：
(i)
(ii)
本公司董事會已依法授權本公司進行與本合約相關的訂立與履行事宜，并記載于董事會記錄中；
(iii) its entry into and performance of its obligations under this Agreement do not violate any legal requirements in the People’s Republic of China as of the date hereof or any material agreements to which it is a party.
(3) 先決條件（Conditions precedent）條款
該條款是有關合同雙（各）方履行各自義務的前提條件的約定。
This contract and the supplementary documents hereof are subject to the approval of the Foreign Trade Ministry of the People’s Republic of China（or any delegated agency thereof）and will take effect from the date of the approval．
(4)責任限制（Limited Liability or Limitation of Liability）條款
該條(tiao)款(kuan)是合(he)(he)同雙(shuang)（各(ge)）方對(dui)其在本合(he)(he)同項下的責任上限進行的約定。
例： 對人身的傷害賠償，根據意大利和歐盟所參與的國際公約，不超過可預見的范圍，參照服務的履行而定責任。無論任何情況下，對人身的傷害賠償不超過5萬歐元；對財物的損失不超過2千歐元；其他賠償不超過5千歐元。
Compensation for damages to the person cannot exceed the foreseen limits by the international conventions for which Italy and the European Union are part of with reference to the services whose performance has determined the responsability. In any case the compensation limit cannot exceed the amount of 50,000 Euro for damages to people, 2,000 Euro for damages to objects, 5000 Euro for any other damage.
(5) 保密（Non-disclosure or No Publicity）條款
根據該條款，合同雙（各）方對本合同內容以及在本合同協商、簽訂、履行過程中所得知的其他各方的信息要承擔保密義務。
例： 乙方根據本協議所提供的一切圖紙、設計、說明書及其他技術資料，甲方均須嚴格保密;未得到乙方的書面同意，不得以任何方式出售、轉讓 或泄露給任何人，但不包括甲方為生產合同而使用技術資料的雇員。但是，甲方可以向分包合同人提供生產合同產品部件所必須的技術資料，分包人須書面保證對其所得到產技術資料承擔嚴格的保密義務。
subcontractor agree， in writing， to hold suchnical information strictly in confidence..
(6)合同終止（Termination）條款
該條款是合同雙（各）方對本合同在何種情況下可以提前終止進行約定。
例：
Should the cooperative venture company be unable to continue its operation or achieve its business purpose due to the fact that one of the contracting parties fails to fulfil the obligations prescribed by the contract and articles of association, or seriously violates the provisions of the contract and articles of association, that party shall be deemed to have unilaterally terminated the contract. The other party shall have the right to terminate the contract in accordance with the provisions of the contract after approval by the original examination and approval authority, and to claim damages. In case Party A and Party B of the cooperative venture company agree to continue the operation, the party who fails to fulfil its obligations shall be liable for the economic losses caused thereby to the joint venture company.
(7)標題（headings）條款
在該條款(kuan)中(zhong)，合(he)同(tong)雙（各）方約定合(he)同(tong)中(zhong)的各個小標題(ti)（一般以黑體字顯(xian)示）是為了在合(he)同(tong)中(zhong)提及(ji)的方便，不構成(cheng)對合(he)同(tong)內容的解釋、修(xiu)改、補充。
例：
(8)合同有效期（Term）條款
該條款是有關合同生效日期、方式以及有效期的條款。 本協議若無以下提前終止的情況，例：
Without the following situation of early termination, the validity period of agreement is from_________ to _________. The two parties unanimously agree to start trial operation _______ days before formal enforcement of the agreement, during the trial operation, all matters such as operation forms, operating standards, costs and expenses, rights and obligations of the two parties, etc., shall be carried out according to the conditions under this agreement apart from this section.
(9)權利放棄（Waiver）條款
在該條款中，合同雙（各）方聲明任何一方如果沒有行使其權利，并不意味著其放棄該權利。
例： 如果一方未行使或延遲行使其在本合同項下的某項權利，不構成該方對此項權利的放棄，如果該方已經行使或者部分行使某項權利，并不妨礙其在將來再次行使此項權利。
Either Party's failure to exercise or delay in exercising any right, power or privilege under this Contract shall not operate as a waiver thereof, and any single or partial exercise of any right, power or privilege shall not preclude the exercise of any other right, power or privilege.
(10) 合同變更（Amendment or Modification）條款
在(zai)該條款中，合(he)同雙（各）方(fang)(fang)可(ke)以約定合(he)同不得修(xiu)改或者合(he)同修(xiu)改的方(fang)(fang)式。
例：
To take advantage of an alternative tourism package, without supplemental charges or with the restitution of the surplus of the price, should the second package have an inferior value than the first;
(11)轉讓（Assignment or Successors and Assignment）條款
在該條款中，合同雙（各）方可約定合同不可轉讓或者合同轉讓的程序，同時，還可以約定，如果合同轉讓，受讓方有完全約束力。
例：
The renouncing client can be substituted by another person provided that:
例2
未經供應商事先書面同意，經銷商不得部分或全部轉讓本合同項下的權利，也不得轉讓由單個訂單產生的任何權利。供應商以書面通知經銷商，可將本合同項下的全部或部分義務或由單個訂單產生的任何義務轉讓給其任何關聯機構或供貨商，但是供應商應該繼續對其合同項下義務的履行負責。
(12)通知（Notice）條款
該條款是對合同雙（各）方在履行合同過程中相互送達信息的方式以及視為送達的條件進行約定。一般來講，要寫明合同雙（雙）方的通信地址、傳真號、聯系電話、聯絡人以及送達成功的具體條件。
.例
10-15 days prior to the date of shipment, the Buyer shall inform the Seller by cable or telex of the contract number, name of vessel, ETA of vessel, quantity to be loaded and the name of shipping agent, so as to enable the Seller to contact the shipping agent direct and arrange the shipment of the goods. The Seller shall advise by cable or telex in time the Buyer of the result thereof. Should, for certain reasons, it become necessary for the Buyer to replace the named vessel with another one, or should the named vessel arrive at the port of shipment earlier or later than the date of arrival as previously notified to the Seller, the Buyer or its shipping agent shall advise the Seller to this effect in due time. The Seller shall also keep in close contact with the agent or the Buyer.
例2 ) During the Term, each Party may change its particulars for receipt of notices at any time by notice given to the other Party in accordance with this Article 19.7.
在合同期限內，一方可隨時根據第19.7(a)條規定通知另一方變更通知送達地址。
Distributor: 經銷商：
[mailing address] [經銷商]
People's Republic of China 中華人民共和國
Facsimile No: 傳真號碼：
Attention: 收件人：
Supplier: 供應商：
[mailing address] [郵址]
Facsimile No: 傳真號碼：
Attention: 收件人：
(13)適用法律（Governing Law or Applicable Law）條款Submission to Jurisdiction
該條(tiao)款是有(you)關合同解釋、爭議解決所適用法律的(de)約定(ding)。
例
管轄法律。本協議應根據特拉華州的法律解釋和管轄。
例
(14) 爭議解決（Dispute Resolution）條款
該條款是與合同有關的爭議解決方式的約定，可以選擇訴訟，也可以選擇仲裁。
例
如果某一爭議未在一方首次書面提出進行磋商之日后六十(60)日內通過友好協商解決，則任何一方可將該爭議提交中國國際經濟貿易仲裁委員會(“貿仲會”)在[北京]按照當時有效的貿仲會仲裁程序規則（并由本第18.2 條規定作為修訂）(“仲裁規則”)進行仲裁。
All
(15) 條款效力獨立（Severability or Survival of terms）條款
根據(ju)該條款的(de)約定，合(he)同的(de)任一條款如果(guo)無效(xiao)，也(ye)不影響其(qi)他任何條款的(de)效(xiao)力。
例 The invalidity of any provision of this Contract shall not affect the validity of any other provision of this Contract.
本合同某一條款的無效不影響本合同其他條款的效力。
(16) 沒有其他業務關系條款
在該(gai)條(tiao)款中(zhong)，合同(tong)雙(shuang)（各）方(fang)聲明(ming)彼此之(zhi)間除(chu)了合同(tong)關(guan)系之(zhi)外沒有其他任何法律(lv)關(guan)系。
例
The Parties are only establishing a vendor-purchaser relationship with each other by entering into this Contract. Nothing in this Contract shall be construed or implied as:
(a) establishing between the Parties hereto any partnership or any other form of relationship entailing joint liability;
(a)
(17) 不可抗力（Force Majeure）條款
該條款是有關不可抗力構成要件及其具體情形，以及在發生不可抗力事件的情況下如果處理的約定。
例 "Force Majeure" shall mean all events which are beyond the control of the Parties to this Contract, and which are unforeseen, unavoidable or insurmountable, and which prevent total or partial performance by either of the Parties. Such events shall include earthquakes, typhoons, flood, fire, war, strikes, riots, acts of governments, changes in law or the application thereof or any other instances which cannot be foreseen, prevented or controlled, including instances which are accepted as Force Majeure in general international commercial practice.
“不可抗力”指超出本合同雙方控制范圍、無法預見、無法避免或無法克服、使得本合同一方部分或者完全不能履行本合同的事件。這類事件包括但不限于地震、臺風、洪水、火災、戰爭、罷工、暴動、政府行為、法律規定或其適用的變化，或者其他任何無法預見、避免或者控制的事件，包括在國際商務實踐中通常被認定為不可抗力的事件。
(18) 所有協議（Entire Agreement）條款Integration
在該條款中，合同雙（各）方要聲明本合同構成雙（各）方就合同主題事宜達成的最終的、唯一的協議，除非明確指明，在此之前的所有約定，無論是口頭的，還是書面的，均無效力。
例 雙方在此達成完整的共識并取代雙方在此之前就本協議事項所作的聲明和承諾。本協議的修改只能通過雙方正式授權代表簽署后，成為本協議的組成部分。
The parties hereto made and conclude this entire agreement, which shall supersede any other statements and commitments relating the matters specified herein made by parties hereto previously. Modifications can be made to this agreement only being signed by the duly authorized representatives of the parties hereto, and shall constitute a part of this agreement.
(19)傳真簽訂生效（Execution by Fax）條款
合同雙（各）方可以在該條款中約定，雙（各）方可通過傳真方式傳遞文件并使其生效。
例
(iii) 如果是以傳真的方式送達，為發送傳真方的傳真機發送的報告確認書（表明已向相關傳真號碼發送完整的、未中斷的傳真）上標記的日期后的下一個營業日。
(20) “語言（Language）”條款
該條款是有關合同適用語言的約定。
例
Applicable language: This contract is written in Chinese and English. The Chinese version and English version have equivalent legal effect.
例
本合同為中英文版本書寫,
(21)合同文本（Counterparts）條款
該條款是對(dui)合(he)同的份(fen)數以及各份(fen)合(he)同的效(xiao)力(li)進行約定。(22) “歧義（Ambiguities）”條款
在該條款中，合同雙（各）方要約定主合同與其附件之間、主合同與其補充協議之間、主合同各語言文本之間如果發生意思歧義如何處理。
例
本合同一式三份，甲、乙雙方各持一份，見證方一份，具有同等法律效力。
(23) 幣種（Currency）條款
該條款是對合同項下的貨幣種類進行約定。
例
本協議的參考價格將是美元轉帳
3. 證明部分（ATTESTATION）
例： BEFORE ME, a Notary Public in and for said County, personally appeared Timothy J. Gunter and Daniel L. Webb, known to me to be the person(s) who, as Secretary and Assistant Secretary, respectively, of INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENTS INTERNATIONAL, INC., the corporation which executed the foregoing instrument in its capacity as Landlord, signed the same, and acknowledged to me that they did so sign said instrument in the name and upon behalf of said corporation as officers of said corporation, that the same is their free act and deed as such officers, respectively, and they were duly authorized thereunto by its board of directors; and that the seal affixed to said instrument is the corporate seal of said corporation.
IN TESTIMONY WHEREOF, I have hereunto subscribed my name, and affixed my official seal, this 15th day of March, 1999.
我是本縣公證員，茲證明Timothy J. Gunter 與 Daniel L. Webb兩人分別為國際產業發展有限公司的秘書和秘書助理。該公司制作并簽署了以土地產權為內容的上述文件。簽署人是上述公司的官員，以上述公司的名義并代表上述公司進行的簽署。他們經公司合法授權，分別履行的他們的公司官員職務行為，并蓋以公司法人印章。
特此證明，證明人簽字于1999年3月15日。
4. 附錄部分（Schedule）
例
Appendices hereof shall be integral parts of Contract and have the same legal force as the text of Contract itself. The text of Contract shall prevail in case of any discrepancies between the text of Contract and Appendices.
